tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-56898462120954351902024-03-08T14:42:47.274-08:00Scuba Diving in Malaysiatornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.comBlogger61125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-59827625986829964102020-12-17T16:38:00.007-08:002020-12-17T16:45:45.006-08:00Stone fish envenomation<p>Stone Fish</p><p>Synanceia is actually a genus of fish on the loved ones Synanceiidae, the Stonefishes, whose members are venomous, unsafe, and in some cases deadly to individuals. It is amongst probably the most venomous fish presently recognized during the planet.[1][2] They are found inside the coastal locations of Indo-Pacific oceans at the same time as off the coast of Florida and in the Caribbean.Synanceia are largely maritime, however some species are recognised to are living in rivers. Its species have powerful neurotoxins secreted from glands on the base of their needle-like dorsal fin spines which adhere up when disturbed or threatened.[3] The vernacular identify with the species, the stonefish, derives from the stonefish's ability to camouflage alone using a gray and mottled colour comparable to the colour of a stone.[4] Swimmers might not recognize them, and may inadvertently move on them, triggering a sting. When the stonefish is disturbed, it could inject an level of venom proportional towards the amount of pressure applied to.Local reaction with swelling, severe pain and redness at puncture site.</p><p><br /></p><p>Stone fish is the most dangerous venomous fish in the world</p><p>13 dorsal spine ,3 anal spines and 2 pelvic spines.</p><p>Most cause local reaction</p><p>•Severe pain, swelling,redness,celullitis, vesicle or bullae</p><p><br /></p><p>Systemic reaction</p><p>•Pallor, diaphoresis,nausea,muscle weakness,dyspnoe,headahce,delirium, convulsion,hypotension,syncope</p><p><br /></p><p>•**animal study = pulmonary hemorrhage,myotoxic,neurotoxic,hypotension primary cause of death in animal studies.</p><p>Treatment</p><p>•Most of protein of venom are extremely labile and inactivated by heating</p><p>•Immerse the affected area in water as hot as is tolerable usually relieves pain from a sting.</p><p>•Spines should be removed</p><p>•The wound should be scrubbed and irrigated with fresh water.</p><p>•Oral antibiotics if infected.</p><p>•Suture if wound large lacerated</p><p>•Update anti tetanus</p><p>•Analgesic</p><p>•Supportive treatment if systemic reaction occur</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EC4_B8lvzOw/X9v7ppxQC3I/AAAAAAAAdaI/WLU6o_VqRTsDl_zzZllj6FtRy1yUPMR2ACLcBGAsYHQ/s275/stone%2Bfish.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-EC4_B8lvzOw/X9v7ppxQC3I/AAAAAAAAdaI/WLU6o_VqRTsDl_zzZllj6FtRy1yUPMR2ACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/stone%2Bfish.jpg" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CgAIUATi9oA/X9v7rVeFrZI/AAAAAAAAdaM/9qyRap9mTtMk1l3rPlAY4MLmh4i-uoe3wCLcBGAsYHQ/s259/stone%2Bfish%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="259" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CgAIUATi9oA/X9v7rVeFrZI/AAAAAAAAdaM/9qyRap9mTtMk1l3rPlAY4MLmh4i-uoe3wCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/stone%2Bfish%2B1.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p> </p>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-11021574555036244552015-04-12T22:44:00.000-07:002015-04-12T22:44:15.602-07:00ENT Guidelines for the Medical Examination of Scuba Divers <br />
Hi divers, today i will list out absolute and relative contraindication for Ear problem in Scuba Diving<br />
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<span style="background-color: #ffffcc; font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Absolute Contraindications</span><br />
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<ul style="font-family: verdana;">
<li><span>Inability to equalize pressure in the middle ear by auto-inflation. This may be due to a correctable problem such as polyps, nasal septal deviation or coryza in which case the diver can be reevaluated after correction of the problem.</span></li>
<li><span>Perforation of the tympanic membrane. Until fully healed or successfully repaired with good Eustachian tube function, diving is contraindicated.</span></li>
<li><span>Open, nonhealed perforation of the TM.</span></li>
<li><span>Tympanoplasty, other than myringoplasty (Type I)</span></li>
<li><span>History of stapedectomy. <span style="color: #990000;">* Recent studies have shown that this is not necessarily true. See this article:</span></span><span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-small;">.</span></li>
<span style="color: #990000;"><span>CONCLUSIONS: Stapedectomy does not appear to increase the risk of inner ear</span></span><br /><span style="color: #990000;"><span>barotrauma in scuba and sky divers. These activities may be pursued with</span></span><br /><span style="color: #990000;"><span>relative safety after stapes surgery, provided adequate eustachian tube</span></span><br /><span style="color: #990000;"><span>function has been established.</span></span><br />
<li><span>History of inner ear surgery</span></li>
<li><span>Status post laryngectomy or partial laryngectomy</span></li>
<li><span>History of vestibular decompression sickness</span></li>
<li><span>Radical mastoidectomy (posterior) involving the external canal is disqualifying. (Closed childhood OK)</span></li>
<li><span>Meniere's disease is disqualifying</span></li>
<li><span>Labyrinthitis</span></li>
<li><span>Perilymphatic fistula</span></li>
<li><span>Cholesteatoma is disqualifying</span></li>
<li><span>Cerumen impactions -remove before allowing to dive.</span></li>
<li><span>Stenosis or atresia of the ear canal-disqualifying.</span></li>
<li><span>Facial paralysis secondary to barotrauma</span></li>
<li><span>Tracheostomy, tracheostoma</span></li>
<li><span>Incompetent larynx due to surgery (Cannot close for valsalva maneuver)</span></li>
<li><span>Laryngocoele </span> </li>
</ul>
<div>
<span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Relative Contraindications</span><span style="background-color: #ffffcc;"></span><ul style="font-family: verdana;">
<li><span>Recurrent otitis externa or media</span></li>
<li><span>Eustachian tube dysfunction</span></li>
<li><span>History of Tympanic Membrane perforation</span></li>
<li><span>Significant hearing loss in one ear</span></li>
<li><span>Midface fracture</span></li>
<li><span>Facial nerve paralysis</span></li>
<li><span>Full mouth prosthetic devices</span></li>
<li><span>Head and neck radiation</span></li>
<li><span>Migraine, severe (scotomata, CNS symptoms and stroke after diving)</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-77354048986144334782014-06-19T04:40:00.001-07:002014-06-19T04:40:59.076-07:00HD Aquarius Redang Dive Centre Video<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
Our Special Promotion HD Video..enjoy</div>
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<br />tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-54452060041663819842014-05-10T20:20:00.002-07:002014-05-10T20:21:16.804-07:00Budget Aquarius Redang Dive Centre at Redang Island Terengganu, Malaysia.<br />
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Just open, super budget dive centre located at Redang Island Terengganu, Malaysia. They offered the cheapest price in Redang.<br />
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List Price<br />
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we will send you gift voucher instantlytornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-59578463493354419442014-05-10T20:00:00.002-07:002014-05-10T20:03:13.379-07:00Side Mount Scuba Diving Introduction<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount diver pushing a cylinder in front</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount is a scuba diving equipment configuration which has diving cylinders mounted alongside the diver, below the shoulders and along the hips, instead of on the back of the diver. It began as a configuration popular with advanced cave divers, as smaller sections of cave can be penetrated and tanks can be changed with greater ease. The same benefits for operating in confined spaces were also recognized by divers who conducted technical wreck diving penetrations.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount diving is now growing in popularity within the technical diving community for general decompression diving,[1] and is becoming an increasingly popular specialty training for recreational diving, with several diver certification agencies offering recreational and technical level sidemount training programs.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Benefits</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Flexibility</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>The sidemount diving approach offers divers significant benefits to the flexibility of their approach. Unlike back-mounted doubles, acquiring and transporting sidemount suitable cylinders is often much more convenient and accessible. Sidemount diving configuration allows the travelling diver to conduct technical and/or overhead environment dives without having to source traditional back-mounted twin cylinders. When diving in remote locations, the transportation of diving cylinders, especially by hand, is considerably less physically taxing.[9][10]</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount diving equipment is also considerably lighter, and less bulky than back-mounted alternatives – allowing for easier and cheaper (considering the rate of many airlines’ excess baggage costs) travel.[citation needed][dubious – discuss]</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Accessibility</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Unlike back-mounted cylinders, the sidemount diver has immediate access to, and observation of, the regulators and tank valves of their cylinders. This enables immediate problem identification and allows swifter resolution, without recourse to ‘behind the head’ shut-down drills that require a higher level of mobility, flexibility and freedom to operate.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Streamlining</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount diving configuration places the cylinders under the diver’s armpits, in line with their body. This decreases water resistance (improving air consumption and reducing fatigue) whilst also allowing the diver to pass through smaller restrictions than would otherwise be possible in back-mounted cylinders. The flexibility to remove tanks, and propel them in front, allows the diver to pass through very small passages and holes when penetration diving – being limited only by the size of their bodies and exposure protection.[11]</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Safety</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Increased accessibility to life-supporting regulators, first-stages and valves improves efficiency and speed of critical cylinder shut-down procedures, allows immediate gas-loss identification and provides the diver with quick access to alternative safety procedures; such as regulator swapping (between cylinders), valve-‘feathering’ to access gas within a cylinder whose regulator is malfunctioned/free-flowing... or even breathing directly from a tank valve.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>In addition, stowage of the cylinders next to the diver’s torso, and beneath his armpits, serves to protect vulnerable valves and regulator first-stages from collision, impact and abrasion damage, or accidental shut-down through contact with a ceiling. It also significantly reduces the risk of entanglement behind the diver, where it is least easy to rectify.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Comfort</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Many divers will testify that sidemount diving configuration offers greater stability and easier-to-attain trim and control in the water. It is also less physically tiring to carry, and get into, sidemount equipment than with traditional back-mounted doubles – especially when operating from a small boat or a rough shore entry.[12]</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>The ability to attach, remove and replace cylinders whilst in the water allows the diver to avoid ever having to carry heavy-weight back-mounted cylinders. This is combined with reduced physical exertion when conducting regulator shut-down procedures, which is a major benefit to technical divers who suffer from shoulder or back discomfort or reduced mobility from old injuries.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Redundancy of gas</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Whilst technical divers have always utilized a redundant gas system, either isolated-manifold or independent back-mounted cylinders, recreational divers have traditionally resorted to using ‘pony cylinders’ or ‘ascent bottles’ as contingencies against out-of-air emergencies. Whether attached to the primary cylinder, or slung at the chest, these cylinders often presented problems with stability and streamlining, whilst simultaneously only providing a bare minimum supply of air for emergency ascent.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount diving with two cylinders helps resolve stability and streamlining issues, and ensures that a truly capable redundant supply of air is maintained.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Technical divers debate the pros and cons of independent cylinders versus isolated-manifold doubles. Back-mounted manifold cylinders provide easy access to complete gas supplies, in the event of a regulator failure and shut-down. However, the manifold itself creates additional o-ring failure points and a failure in that component will deprive the technical diver of, at least, one-half of his remaining gas supply. Independent cylinders, when sidemounted, provide true gas redundancy, whilst offering access (via switching regulators between cylinders or feather breathing[13]) of all remaining gas.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Sidemount for the recreational diver[edit]</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>The benefits for cave diving and wreck diving with tight penetrations are largely accepted, but they are not so clear for the typical recreational diver.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Most recreational divers rely on their buddy for bailout gas, and do not carry a redundant gas supply. When there is only one cylinder, there is only no need to control several valves. The position of the cylinder valve behind the head has proven to be reasonably safe in millions of dives, though some divers do have physical difficulty reaching the valve while wearing the set, particularly if the cylinder is mounted relatively low on the harness.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>In single cylinder diving there is seldom a reason to shut a cylinder valve while diving, and there is no need for changing cylinders or managing different gases. The recreational diver with a single cylinder is not supposed to enter low overhead spaces, so the single valve behind the divers head is unlikely to come into contact with objects which might roll it closed, as the diver tends to avoids situations where the head might impact with obstructions.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b><br /></b></span></span>
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>Since many recreational divers prefer to swim with their arms crossed in front of the chest, a side mounted cylinder might get in the way. Carrying one cylinder on one side does not increase stability or control, especially when it comes to a rough shore exit and other situations when freedom of movement of the arms is needed.</b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #252525; font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.399999618530273px;"><b>There are rarely any transportation benefits since the detached transportation of a back mounted cylinder is possible, and carrying the weight on the back is less stress on the spine than carrying it to one side when out of the water. Since backmount equipment designed for travelling is readily available, the weight advantages are unclear.</b></span></span></div>
tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-4613777416200079632014-03-05T06:04:00.003-08:002014-03-05T06:04:20.691-08:00Essential recommendations to be great diver 1. Learn how to breathe.<br />
<br />
This is a little bit of a difficult suggestion, as a person on the significant rules of scuba diving is always to hardly ever hold your breath.<br />
Breathe in a natural way. It may seem counterintuitive, but the much more you concentrate on how you might be respiratory, the speedier you will use your air. The simplest way is concentrating focus on what you see and doing in water rather then focus on respiration. You are SCUBA diving, love the experience!<br />
<br />
<br />
Since you might be maintaining neutrally buoyant , you control your breathing .It is alright to concentrate in your respiratory sometimes for this objective.<br />
In underwater , its not recomended to hold your breath for more than a second or two. This dangers each lung overexpansion accidents (i.e. popping like a balloon), and messing along with your blood CO2 concentrations.<br />
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more in<br />
<a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/03/essential-recommendations-to-be-great-diver.html">http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/03/essential-recommendations-to-be-great-diver.html</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-51583607047454940762014-02-23T16:05:00.004-08:002014-02-23T16:06:22.554-08:00Cat Fish<br />
All catfish, except members of Malapteruridae (electric catfish), possess a strong, hollow, bonified leading spine-like ray on their dorsal and pectoral fins. As a defense, these spines may be locked into place so that they stick outwards, which can inflict severe wounds.In several species catfish can use these fin rays to deliver a stinging protein if the fish is irritated.This venom is produced byglandular cells in the epidermal tissue covering the spines.In members of the family Plotosidae, and of the genus Heteropneustes, this protein is so strong it may hospitalize humans, those unfortunate enough to receive a sting; in Plotosus lineatus, the stings may result in death.<br />
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Cat fish injuries<br />
severe pain, tissue swelling and redness , muscle spasm and respiratory distress may occur<br />
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more ..on <a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/02/cat-fish.html">http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/02/cat-fish.html</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-45133239877778849462014-02-12T22:04:00.003-08:002014-02-12T22:05:56.999-08:00Sying Ray<br />
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Most stingrays have several barbed stingers (changed from dermal denticles) on the tail, which can be used exclusively in personal-defense. The stinger may possibly reach a approximately 35 cm (14 in), as well as its underside has two lines with venom glands.The stinger is covered having a slim covering of pores and skin, the integumentary sheath, in which the venom is focused.<br />
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Stingrays will not vigorously invasion mankind, even though stings do typically take place when a ray is inadvertently stepped on.To avoid moving on a stingray in shallow drinking water, the water needs to be waded via by using a shuffle.Otherwise, prior to wading, rocks might be cast into the drinking water to scare stingrays away.Experience of the stinger leads to local stress (from the lower by itselfswelling, ) and pain muscle mass pains from your venom, and then may result in disease from harmful bacteria or fungus infection.The damage is extremely painful, but seldom daily life-harmful unless the stinger pierces a crucial region.The barb generally breaks away from the injury, and surgical procedure may be needed to eliminate the fragments.<br />
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Can happen, infamously including Steve Irwin, though fatal stings are very rare. In this case, the stinger penetrated the thoracic wall surface, resulting in substantial trauma.<br />
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more in <a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/02/sting-ray.html">http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/02/sting-ray.html</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-28710811260328087912014-02-09T05:15:00.000-08:002014-02-09T05:15:42.665-08:00Lion FIshPterosis commonly known as lionfish is a genus of venomous marine fish found mostly in the indo- Pacific.Pterosis is characterized by conspicious warning coloration with red,white, creamy or black band showy pectoral fins and venomous spiky fin rays.<br />
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more on<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/02/lion-fish.html">http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/02/lion-fish.html</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-6973899286824940792014-02-09T05:02:00.003-08:002014-02-09T05:02:22.563-08:00Hydroid ,Fire Coral And AnemonesHydroid , Fire Coral and Anemones<br />
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They have stinging cell that can cause local reaction to skin if contact with them<br />
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More on <a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/01/hyoid-fire-corals-and-anemones.html">http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/01/hyoid-fire-corals-and-anemones.html</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-15884207265004415712014-02-08T21:11:00.001-08:002014-02-09T04:25:39.868-08:00Sea Urchins<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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The dangerous and venomous of sea urchin.<br />
more <a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/01/sea-urchins.html">http://www.aquariusredang.com/2/post/2014/01/sea-urchins.html</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-18682037984426488402014-01-23T06:55:00.001-08:002014-01-23T06:57:35.678-08:00Box Jellyfish<span style="background-color: white;"><em style="color: #676767; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"><br /></em></span>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: blue;"><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">Chironex fleckeri (Phyasalia Pysalis) , Carukia barnesi and Malo kingi </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">are some of the</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> most venomous </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">beings on the planet</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">. </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">Every</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> tentacle has about </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">500</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">,000 cnidocytes, </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">each cnidocytes contain of</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> nematocysts, Nematocysts </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">is a</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> cnidocyte </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">is an incredible mobile made up of one huge</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> secretory organelle or cnida (plural cnidae) that </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">describes</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> the phylum Cnidaria(corals, </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">ocean</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> anemones, hydrae, jellyfish, </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">and so forth</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">.). Cnidae </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">can be used as prey capture</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> and </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">protection</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> from </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">predators</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">. </em><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">A cnidocyte fires a </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">construction which contains</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> the toxin, </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">from the </span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;">cnidocyst (</em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">often known as</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> a cnida or nematocyst). This </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">is responsible for</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> the stings </em><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">supplied</span><em style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; position: relative;"> by jellyfish.</em></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: blue;">Sign and Symptom</span></h2>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: blue;"><span style="font-size: small;">Local reactions : pain, hive like lesions</span><br /><span style="font-size: small;">Systemic : nausea,vomiting,,diahhrea,dizziness,diaphoresis,muscle cramp or spasms or death</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: blue;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Venom effects</strong></span><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><br />–Hemolytic<br />–Cardiovascular toxicities<br />–Neurotoxicity<br />–Liver toxicity<br />–Muscular toxicity<br />–* research : toxic symptom dose- dependent<br />–> 5mg/kg = heart failure + lungs odema<br />–5-10 mg/kg = hearts + nervous system symp<br />–>10mg/kg = typical central nervous symp (convulsion,body trembling.ophisthotonus)</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: blue;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Treatment</strong></span><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><br />Remove stingers by applying shaving foam to the sting area. Scrape the skin a razor, knife blade, or credit card<br />Rinse immediately with<strong> vinegar</strong><br />mild hydrocortisone cream or oral antihistamine<br />Anti venom or antibiotic if severe reaction</span></span></div>
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tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-44846521131778390212013-12-29T04:26:00.001-08:002013-12-29T04:26:25.150-08:00DAN’s Diving Tips for the New Diver<br />
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><b>A Guide to Good-Sense
Diving</b><br /><br />We divers are a fortunate lot. </i><span id="spin1">We
are able to</span><i> </i><span id="spin2">love</span><i>
firsthand a </i><span id="spin3">aspect</span><i>
</i><span id="spin4">of
your</span><i> </i><span id="spin5">atmosphere</span><i>
that most non-divers </i><span id="spin6">knowledge</span><i>
only vicariously - </i><span id="spin7" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">through</span><i>
</i><span id="spin8">tv</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin9">movie</span><i>
or </i><span id="spin10">laptop
or computer</span><i> screens. We </i><span id="spin11">every
single</span><i> have our </i><span id="spin12">own</span><i>
</i><span id="spin13">unique</span><i>
motivations for diving, but </i><span id="spin14">a
single</span><i> </i><span id="spin15">point</span><i>
is </i><span id="spin16">popular</span><i>:
we </i><span id="spin17">enjoy</span><i>
our recreation.<br /></i><span id="spin18">Each
year</span><i> new and </i><span id="spin19" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">knowledgeable</span><i>
divers alike from </i><span id="spin20">all
over the world</span><i> make millions of enjoyable scuba dives; and for the
vast majority </i><span id="spin21">with
the</span><i> time, we make these dives </i><span id="spin22">with
no</span><i> incident or injury. </i><span id="spin23">That
is</span><i> </i><span id="spin24">for
the reason that</span><i> as certified divers, we take our </i><span id="spin25">entertaining</span><i>
seriously: </i><span id="spin26">we
have</span><i> taken the </i><span id="spin27" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">time
for you to</span><i> </i><span id="spin28">study</span><i>
</i><span id="spin29">safety</span><i>
</i><span id="spin30">guidelines</span><i>
to </i><span id="spin31">become</span><i>
conscientious and </i><span id="spin32" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">responsible</span><i>
divers, so </i><span id="spin33">we
are able to</span><i> </i><span id="spin34">preserve</span><i>
on diving. And we </i><span id="spin35">talk</span><i>
about our dives, </i><span id="spin36">learning</span><i>
from our </i><span id="spin37">personal</span><i>
- and others’ - experiences.<br /><br />New divers can </i><span id="spin38" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">discover</span><i>
</i><span id="spin39">fairly</span><i>
</i><span id="spin40">a
couple of</span><i> "good-sense" </i><span id="spin41">guidelines</span><i>
from other divers. This </i><span id="spin42">helps</span><i>
</i><span id="spin43">to
prevent</span><i> injuries and mishaps, and it illustrates the camaraderie of
teamwork so widespread </i><span id="spin44">among</span><i>
divers.<br /><br />Not all good-sense </i><span id="spin45" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">ideas</span><i>
are scuba </i><span id="spin46">security</span><i>
</i><span id="spin47">rules</span><i>
or </i><span id="spin48" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">suggestions</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin49">but
they</span><i> </i><span id="spin50">frequently</span><i>
relate to </i><span id="spin51">simple</span><i>
principles </i><span id="spin52" style="background-color: #ffffcc; cursor: pointer;">each
and every</span><i> diver </i><span id="spin53">ought
to</span><i> know. DAN’s </i><span id="spin54">staff</span><i>
members have </i><span id="spin55">place</span><i>
</i><span id="spin56">together</span><i>
a collection of their good-sense </i><span id="spin57">tips</span><i>
</i><span id="spin58">based
on</span><i> their insights in scuba diving </i><span id="spin59">over</span><i>
their </i><span id="spin60">several</span><i>
collective years of </i><span id="spin61" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">practical
experience</span><i>.<br /><br />S-A-F-E D-I-V-E<br /><br />If </i><span id="spin62">you’ve</span><i>
been diving </i><span id="spin63" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">to
get a</span><i> </i><span id="spin64">while</span><i>,
or if </i><span id="spin65">you
have</span><i> just </i><span id="spin66">discovered</span><i>
</i><span id="spin67">ways
to</span><i> dive, there’s </i><span id="spin68">quite
a bit</span><i> to </i><span id="spin69">discover</span><i>
- and </i><span id="spin70" style="background-color: white; cursor: default;">don't
forget</span><i> - about diving. </i><span id="spin71">You
can</span><i> </i><span id="spin72">begin</span><i>
by remembering that </i><span id="spin73">every
single</span><i> dive </i><span id="spin74">must
be</span><i> a </i><span id="spin75">Secure</span><i>
DIVE, </i><span id="spin76">straight</span><i>
</i><span id="spin77">associated</span><i>
to:<br /><br />Self-reliance<br />Attitude<br />Fitness</i><span id="spin78">Expertise</span><i><br />Diving
</i><span id="spin79">experience</span><i><br />Involvement<br />Variety</i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i>Equipment</i><span id="spin80"></span><i><br /><br /><b>Be
Self-Reliant</b></i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br />Diving, like life itself, </i><span id="spin81">is
definitely an</span><i> </i><span id="spin82">experience</span><i>
</i><span id="spin83">greatest</span><i>
shared. </i><span id="spin84">You
might be</span><i> </i><span id="spin85">responsible
for</span><i> </i><span id="spin86">your
very own</span><i> dive </i><span id="spin87">experience</span><i>.
Self-reliance </i><span id="spin88">is
really a</span><i> </i><span id="spin89">talent</span><i>
your </i><span id="spin90">safety</span><i>
depends upon, topside or underwater. </i><span id="spin91">Though</span><i>
divers are </i><span id="spin92">educated</span><i>
</i><span id="spin93">to
work with</span><i> the buddy </i><span id="spin94">program</span><i>
</i><span id="spin95">to
improve</span><i> </i><span id="spin96">safety</span><i>
and </i><span id="spin97">lower</span><i>
</i><span id="spin98">risk</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin99">you
ought to be</span><i> </i><span id="spin100">capable</span><i>
</i><span id="spin101">to
produce</span><i> informed </i><span id="spin102">choices</span><i>
about your </i><span id="spin103">safety</span><i>
</i><span id="spin104">for
the duration of</span><i> any dive, </i><span id="spin105">devoid
of</span><i> relying on </i><span id="spin106">somebody</span><i>
else to </i><span id="spin107">feel</span><i>
</i><span id="spin108">for
you personally</span><i>.<br /><br />Following a dive leader or your buddy into an
</i><span id="spin109">atmosphere</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin110">condition</span><i>
or depth </i><span id="spin111">that
you're</span><i> not </i><span id="spin112">educated</span><i>
for, not </i><span id="spin113">comfy</span><i>
in or is </i><span id="spin114">outdoors</span><i>
your </i><span id="spin115">practical
experience</span><i> </i><span id="spin116">is
definitely an</span><i> invitation to disaster. </i><span id="spin117">Getting</span><i>
self-reliant </i><span id="spin118">suggests</span><i>
</i><span id="spin119">being
aware of</span><i> your limits - and </i><span id="spin120">those</span><i>
</i><span id="spin121">of
one's</span><i> </i><span id="spin122">gear</span><i>.<br /></i><b><span id="spin123">Possess
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin124">Ideal</span><i>
Attitude</i></b></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br />Assess your </i><span id="spin125">targets</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin126">This
really is</span><i> </i><span id="spin127">vital</span><i>
for </i><span id="spin128">safe</span><i>
diving. What are your motivations to dive? Your buddy’s? Buddies with </i><span id="spin129">different</span><i>
attitudes or </i><span id="spin130">goals</span><i>
</i><span id="spin131">for
any</span><i> </i><span id="spin132">given</span><i>
dive are </i><span id="spin133">probably</span><i>
</i><span id="spin134">to
become</span><i> incompatible. A diver who seeks adventure or is out to set
</i><span id="spin135">private</span><i>
records </i><span id="spin136">are
going to be</span><i> at odds </i><span id="spin137">using
a</span><i> diver who hopes to observe and photograph underwater marine
life.</i><span id="spin138">Do
not</span><i> dive </i><span id="spin139">in
case you</span><i> </i><span id="spin140">feel</span><i>
pressured. </i><span id="spin141">Remember</span><i>,
if </i><span id="spin142">you’re</span><i>
not </i><span id="spin143">getting</span><i>
</i><span id="spin144">exciting</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin145">quit</span><i>
diving.<br /></i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<b><i>Be </i><span id="spin146">Fit </span></b></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<span><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<span id="spin147">Check</span><i>
</i><span id="spin148">yourself</span><i>.
Checking and </i><span id="spin149">keeping</span><i>
your </i><span id="spin150">gear</span><i>
</i><span id="spin151">is
really a</span><i> good-sense tip, but how </i><span id="spin152">quite
a few</span><i> divers </i><span id="spin153">quit</span><i>
to </i><span id="spin154">check</span><i>
their </i><span id="spin155">personal</span><i>
</i><span id="spin156">well
being</span><i> and fitness </i><span id="spin157">ahead
of</span><i> diving? Fitness for diving adds </i><span id="spin158">towards
the</span><i> comfort and enjoyment of </i><span id="spin159">each</span><i>
dive.</i><span id="spin160">Nothing
at all</span><i> to sneeze at. Dive only when </i><span id="spin161">you
are</span><i> </i><span id="spin162">healthy</span><i>
</i><span id="spin163">as
well as your</span><i> ears and sinuses are clear. </i><span id="spin164">One
of the most</span><i> </i><span id="spin165">common</span><i>
diving injury is ear barotrauma, </i><span id="spin166">usually</span><i>
</i><span id="spin167">attributable
to</span><i> congestion. </i><span id="spin168">Due
to the</span><i> </i><span id="spin169">money
and time</span><i> involved </i><span id="spin170">within
a</span><i> dive trip, </i><span id="spin171">lots
of</span><i> divers ignore the early stages of a cold or congestion and dive
</i><span id="spin172">with
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin173">assistance</span><i>
of over-the-counter </i><span id="spin174">medicines</span><i>.
When the </i><span id="spin175">medications</span><i>
</i><span id="spin176">wear</span><i>
off (</i><span id="spin177">sometimes</span><i>
this </i><span id="spin178">happens</span><i>
at depth), your body’s </i><span id="spin179">ability
to</span><i> </i><span id="spin180">manage</span><i>
the effects of </i><span id="spin181">changing</span><i>
</i><span id="spin182">pressure</span><i>
is </i><span id="spin183">limited</span><i>,
and barotrauma </i><span id="spin184">could</span><i>
</i><span id="spin185">outcome</span><i>.<br />Bag
it. If </i><span id="spin186">you’re</span><i>
fatigued, sick </i><span id="spin187">or
simply</span><i> not feeling </i><span id="spin188">nicely</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin189">do
not</span><i> dive. Illness and injury increases your </i><span id="spin190">danger</span><i>
of decompression illness (DCI)<br />Know your limits. </i><span id="spin191">Overall</span><i>
physical fitness </i><span id="spin192">is
essential</span><i>, but </i><span id="spin193">figuring
out</span><i> your physical limits </i><span id="spin194">may
be</span><i> </i><span id="spin195">more</span><i>
so. </i><span id="spin196">After
you</span><i> </i><span id="spin197">start</span><i>
to </i><span id="spin198">really
feel</span><i> overexerted or tired, rest and discontinue diving </i><span id="spin199">till</span><i>
your </i><span id="spin200">energy</span><i>
level has returned. Watch for </i><span id="spin201">signs</span><i>
of overexertion </i><span id="spin202">inside
your</span><i> buddy, </i><span id="spin203">as
well</span><i>. </i><span id="spin204">While</span><i>
you </i><span id="spin205">can
not</span><i> necessarily </i><span id="spin206">control</span><i>
the tides and currents, </i><span id="spin207">you'll
be able to</span><i> </i><span id="spin208">enhance
your</span><i> fitness </i><span id="spin209">and
your</span><i> preparedness </i><span id="spin210">for
all those</span><i> environmental </i><span id="spin211">changes</span><i>.</i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br /></i><b><span id="spin213" style="font-size: 11.25pt;">Right</span><i style="font-size: 11.25pt;">
</i><span id="spin214" style="font-size: 11.25pt;">Knowledge</span><i style="font-size: 11.25pt;">
Level</i></b></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br />Be </i><span id="spin215">careful</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin216">It
is</span><i> paramount </i><span id="spin217">for
your</span><i> </i><span id="spin218">safety</span><i>
and enjoyment. If </i><span id="spin219">you
have</span><i> </i><span id="spin220">under
no circumstances</span><i> been on a dive to </i><span id="spin221">one
hundred</span><i> feet / 30.</i><span id="spin222">4</span><i>
meters or if </i><span id="spin223">you’ve</span><i>
</i><span id="spin224">never</span><i>
</i><span id="spin225">created</span><i>
a dive at </i><span id="spin226">evening</span><i>,
</i><span id="spin227">take
into account</span><i> buddying up with an </i><span id="spin228">experienced</span><i>
diver or taking a course </i><span id="spin229">having
a</span><i> diving instructor to expand your comfort zone. </i><span id="spin230">In
the event you</span><i> </i><span id="spin231">really
feel</span><i> uncomfortable </i><span id="spin232">concerning
the</span><i> dive, </i><span id="spin233">it
may</span><i> be </i><span id="spin234">because</span><i>
you </i><span id="spin235">really
feel</span><i> </i><span id="spin236">you
are</span><i> not </i><span id="spin237">prepared</span><i>.<br />Take
a course. </i><span id="spin238">The
very best</span><i> </i><span id="spin239">technique
to</span><i> extend your diving </i><span id="spin240">variety</span><i>
</i><span id="spin241">will
be to</span><i> take a diving course for the </i><span id="spin242">atmosphere</span><i>
or </i><span id="spin243">experience</span><i>
</i><span id="spin244">you
desire</span><i>. </i><span id="spin245">Need
to</span><i> </i><span id="spin246">find
out</span><i> </i><span id="spin247">how
to</span><i> wreck dive? Sign up for the course so </i><span id="spin248">you’ll</span><i>
</i><span id="spin249">understand</span><i>
</i><span id="spin250">regarding
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin251">planning</span><i>,
hazards and </i><span id="spin252">strategies</span><i>
</i><span id="spin253">associated
with</span><i> it. </i><span id="spin254">When</span><i>
</i><span id="spin255">knowledge</span><i>
</i><span id="spin256">is
usually a</span><i> </i><span id="spin257">good</span><i>
teacher, a teacher with </i><span id="spin258">great</span><i>
</i><span id="spin259">encounter</span><i>
can maximize your understanding </i><span id="spin260">of
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin261">expertise</span><i>
involved </i><span id="spin262">in
the</span><i> specialized diving activities you pursue. Plus, </i><span id="spin263">you’ll</span><i>
</i><span id="spin264">be
able to</span><i> document your </i><span id="spin265">encounter</span><i>
</i><span id="spin266">using
a</span><i> certification card so </i><span id="spin267">you
are able to</span><i> pursue your interests </i><span id="spin268">further</span><i>.</i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i style="font-size: 11.25pt;"><br /></i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i style="font-size: 11.25pt;">Practice
Your Diving </i><span id="spin269" style="font-size: 11.25pt;">Expertise</span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i>Practice
</i><span id="spin270">tends
to make</span><i> (</i><span id="spin271">pretty
much</span><i>) </i><span id="spin272">best</span><i>.
Diving </i><span id="spin273">abilities</span><i>
can get rusty </i><span id="spin274">by
way of</span><i> </i><span id="spin275">long</span><i>
layoffs </i><span id="spin276">amongst</span><i>
dives, </i><span id="spin277">particularly</span><i>
for new divers.The </i><span id="spin278">Major</span><i>
</i><span id="spin279">4</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin280">Four</span><i>
</i><span id="spin281">major</span><i>
diving </i><span id="spin282">abilities</span><i>
</i><span id="spin283">must</span><i>
maintained: mask </i><span id="spin284">capabilities</span><i>,
buoyancy </i><span id="spin285">skills</span><i>,
emergency </i><span id="spin286">skills</span><i>
and </i><span id="spin287">general</span><i>
diving </i><span id="spin288">expertise</span><i>
</i><span id="spin289">including</span><i>
swimming and </i><span id="spin290">equipment</span><i>
handling. </i><span id="spin291">Certainly
one of</span><i> </i><span id="spin292">the
most effective</span><i> </i><span id="spin293">instances</span><i>
to practice these </i><span id="spin294">expertise</span><i>
is </i><span id="spin295">throughout</span><i>
your </i><span id="spin296">security</span><i>
</i><span id="spin297">quit</span><i>.<br /><br /><b>Get
Involved</b></i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br />Make plans. </i><span id="spin298">Getting</span><i>
involved </i><span id="spin299">in
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin300">neighborhood</span><i>
</i><span id="spin301">community</span><i>
</i><span id="spin302">is
a</span><i> </i><span id="spin303">excellent</span><i>
</i><span id="spin304">solution
to</span><i> meet new </i><span id="spin305">men
and women</span><i> and </i><span id="spin306">discover</span><i>
</i><span id="spin307">more</span><i>
</i><span id="spin308">about
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin309">neighborhood</span><i>
diving scene. </i><span id="spin310">Obtain</span><i>
a </i><span id="spin311">neighborhood</span><i>
dive club or dive center and sign up for meetings, </i><span id="spin312">programs</span><i>
and courses. This </i><span id="spin313">gives</span><i>
for </i><span id="spin314">excellent</span><i>
</i><span id="spin315">opportunities</span><i>
</i><span id="spin316">to
find</span><i> a buddy, </i><span id="spin317">find</span><i>
</i><span id="spin318">a
fantastic</span><i> lobster hole or wreck and socialize with other divers with
</i><span id="spin319">related</span><i>
interests.<br />Make </i><span id="spin320">friends</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin321">If
you</span><i> </i><span id="spin322">grow
to be</span><i> active </i><span id="spin323">within
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin324">neighborhood</span><i>
diving </i><span id="spin325">community</span><i>,
you also get the </i><span id="spin326">opportunity</span><i>
</i><span id="spin327">to
discover</span><i> a diving mentor. The friendship and camaraderie of a group of
divers </i><span id="spin328">is
among the</span><i> </i><span id="spin329">several</span><i>
</i><span id="spin330">factors</span><i>
why </i><span id="spin331">individuals</span><i>
</i><span id="spin332">keep</span><i>
diving.</i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br /><b>Variety The </b></i><span id="spin333"><b>Assortment</b></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<br /><i>The
spice of diving. </i><span id="spin334">From
the</span><i> wrecks off the coast of North Carolina or Truk (Chuuk) Lagoon,
</i><span id="spin335">for
the</span><i> kelp forests in California waters, lobstering in Florida, or
capturing your underwater moments </i><span id="spin336">around
the</span><i> </i><span id="spin337">Terrific</span><i>
Barrier Reef, off the coast of Africa or the Middle East, diving has </i><span id="spin338">one
thing</span><i> </i><span id="spin339">for
everyone</span><i>. </i><span id="spin340">Certainly
one of</span><i> the greatest </i><span id="spin341">ways</span><i>
</i><span id="spin342">to
keep</span><i> your passion for diving </i><span id="spin343">is
to</span><i> </i><span id="spin344">discover</span><i>
your underwater </i><span id="spin345">globe</span><i>.
Traveling the </i><span id="spin346">world</span><i>
and experiencing new cultures </i><span id="spin347">is
one of the</span><i> most </i><span id="spin348">exciting</span><i>
</i><span id="spin349">methods</span><i>
</i><span id="spin350">to
keep</span><i> active.<br /></i><span id="spin351">Having
said that</span><i>, with </i><span id="spin352">every
single</span><i> new </i><span id="spin353">experience</span><i>
comes caution. </i><span id="spin354">It's</span><i>
</i><span id="spin355">very
important</span><i> </i><span id="spin356">that
you're</span><i> </i><span id="spin357">familiar
with</span><i> your </i><span id="spin358">atmosphere</span><i>
or are </i><span id="spin359">below</span><i>
supervision by an </i><span id="spin360">experienced</span><i>
dive guide. "The </i><span id="spin361">wide
variety</span><i> of </i><span id="spin362">fascinating</span><i>
diving experiences is matched by the </i><span id="spin363">range</span><i>
of </i><span id="spin364">potential</span><i>
hazards," says Barry Shuster, DAN’s Director of </i><span id="spin365">Marketing
and advertising</span><i>. "Awareness of </i><span id="spin366">neighborhood</span><i>
currents, underwater topographic formations, marine life and </i><span id="spin367">right</span><i>
entry and exit </i><span id="spin368">techniques</span><i>
can save you </i><span id="spin369">an
excellent</span><i> deal of grief."</i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<i><br /><b>Equip </b></i></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11.25pt;">
<br /><i>Take
</i><span id="spin371">three</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin372">There
are</span><i> </i><span id="spin373">three</span><i>
</i><span id="spin374">main</span><i>
</i><span id="spin375">gear</span><i>
considerations for divers:<br />Do </i><span id="spin376">you've
got</span><i> </i><span id="spin377">all
of the</span><i> </i><span id="spin378">necessary</span><i>
</i><span id="spin379">equipment</span><i>
to conduct the dive? Do </i><span id="spin380">you've</span><i>
a depth gauge? A timing device? An alternate air </i><span id="spin381">source</span><i>?
All </i><span id="spin382">of
those</span><i> </i><span id="spin383">products</span><i>
are </i><span id="spin384">crucial</span><i>
for dive </i><span id="spin385">security</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin386">Should
you</span><i> </i><span id="spin387">don’t</span><i>
</i><span id="spin388">have
a</span><i> depth gauge or timing device, </i><span id="spin389">you’ll</span><i>
be unable to judge your ascent </i><span id="spin390">rate</span><i>
and </i><span id="spin391">plan</span><i>
your dives </i><span id="spin392">to
be</span><i> </i><span id="spin393">within
the</span><i> no-decompression limits.<br />Do </i><span id="spin394">you
know</span><i> </i><span id="spin395">tips
on how to</span><i> use and </i><span id="spin396">keep</span><i>
your gear? </i><span id="spin397">Several</span><i>
new divers (</i><span id="spin398">and
a few</span><i> </i><span id="spin399">experienced</span><i>
ones) are unfamiliar with </i><span id="spin400">gear</span><i>
</i><span id="spin401">maintenance</span><i>
procedures. Rinse and soak your </i><span id="spin402">gear</span><i>
in fresh water and let air dry. </i><span id="spin403">Spend</span><i>
</i><span id="spin404">specific</span><i>
</i><span id="spin405">attention</span><i>
</i><span id="spin406">for
your</span><i> regulator. </i><span id="spin407">Appear</span><i>
for </i><span id="spin408">indicators</span><i>
of </i><span id="spin409">wear</span><i>
(See "Dusting Off Your Gear", </i><span id="spin410">web
page</span><i> 32) and </i><span id="spin411">check</span><i>
the hoses for leaks and cracking. Take an </i><span id="spin412">equipment</span><i>
</i><span id="spin413">upkeep</span><i>
course for </i><span id="spin414">much
more</span><i> </i><span id="spin415">information
and facts</span><i> on gear </i><span id="spin416">maintenance</span><i>.</i><span id="spin417">Can
you</span><i> get </i><span id="spin418">to
your</span><i> </i><span id="spin419">gear</span><i>?
Is your alternate air </i><span id="spin420">source</span><i>
</i><span id="spin421">inside
your</span><i> BCD pocket, or is it readily </i><span id="spin422">readily
available</span><i>? Is your </i><span id="spin423">gear</span><i>
</i><span id="spin424">properly</span><i>
sized </i><span id="spin425">for
you personally</span><i>? </i><span id="spin426">Many</span><i>
divers wonder why neoprene shrinks year </i><span id="spin427">after</span><i>
year. (</i><span id="spin428">It’s</span><i>
not the suit!) Your </i><span id="spin429">gear</span><i>
</i><span id="spin430">is
really a</span><i> tool to </i><span id="spin431">allow
you to</span><i> safely </i><span id="spin432">explore</span><i>
the undersea </i><span id="spin433">planet</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin434">Look
after</span><i> it, and </i><span id="spin435">it
will</span><i> </i><span id="spin436">look
after</span><i> you.<br />By </i><span id="spin437">making</span><i>
</i><span id="spin438">every</span><i>
dive a </i><span id="spin439">Safe</span><i>
DIVE, </i><span id="spin440">you
will</span><i> expand your </i><span id="spin441">expertise</span><i>
and </i><span id="spin442">understanding</span><i>
- and have </i><span id="spin443">extra</span><i>
</i><span id="spin444">exciting</span><i>.
</i><span id="spin445">You
will</span><i> also </i><span id="spin446">assistance</span><i>
your fellow divers by demonstrating the </i><span id="spin447">actions</span><i>
of </i><span id="spin448">protected</span><i>
diving</i></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
Review from :<br />
<a href="http://www.diversalertnetwork.org/medical/articles/DANs_Diving_Tips_for_the_New_Diver">http://www.diversalertnetwork.org/medical/articles/DANs_Diving_Tips_for_the_New_Diver</a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-31249558528623597502013-10-11T00:00:00.001-07:002014-02-09T15:55:59.546-08:00Open Water Course Scuba Diving International , Redang, TerengganuLast 2 weeks, we had succesful held 5D4N open water scuba course at Redang Island Terengganu. There was 5 open water students that had passed the course with flying colours.<br />
We offered RM 950 /course for 4D3N course (2 days confined water + 2 days open water).<br />
For those willing to explore new world , just inbox me.<br />
<br />
for detail and book, please visit <a href="http://www.aquariusredang.com/"> <span style="font-size: large;">www.aquariusredang.com</span></a><br />
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Enjoy the video :<br />
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tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-18800420504128227762013-09-11T08:30:00.004-07:002013-09-11T08:30:39.925-07:0010 essential tips for easier and enjoyable scuba diving<b><span style="font-size: large;">10 Essential tips for easier and enjoyable scuba diving</span></b><br />
<br />1.Regulators<br />The most important piece of equipment a diver uses.a regulator that works well in both warm and cold water and in deep and shallow water will cover all of a diver’s bases for years to come without needing to invest in a new one as the diver’s skill level increases.<br />
<br />2.Computers<br />A dive computer is a fantastic time-saver and information resource.This piece of gear is an information management system. They will not only display critical information about the dive you’re on but, while in surface mode, they will allow you to view the dives you have previously logged or run simulations for upcoming dives.They works as brilliant assitant for you.<br /><br />3.Relax While You Dive<br /> rapid arm movements and fin kicking which in turn causes rapid breathing and depletion of air supply. With a more relaxed dive, the dives will last longer, the diver will see more and diver will be less fatigued at the end of the day and ready for the next dive.<br />
<br />4.Properly Weight Yourself For The Area You’re In<br />When diving in a new area, do a weight/buoyancy check with the equipment you’re going to use for that trip either in a pool before you leave or in a shallow controlled environment when you arrive. On a trip to warmer water, divers will use much thinner wetsuits than in a local cold-water environment which means less weight is required. An over-weighted diver may have trouble staying off of the bottom which may harm animals or remaining streamlined underwater which wastes energy and air.<br />
<br />5. Buoyancy Control<br />Before entering the water, you should fill your BC enough to float at the surface before descent. This allows for any last-minute adjustments of gear for you or your buddy and allows the divers to descend as a group. During the descent, maintain slightly negative buoyancy for a controlled descent, and once at your desired depth, establish neutral buoyancy<br />
<br />6.Adjust Your Equipment Properly<br />Taking the time topside to make sure that all of your equipment is adjusted properly before you even get in the water can save you time once you’re in. Be sure that straps of all kind (BC, Mask, Fins) are not twisted and quick-releases are shut and snug but not restrictive. A mask strap that is too tight will cause headaches and a ring around your face. A fin strap that is twisted will be uncomfortable on your ankle and may cause a failure on the release, resulting in its loss<br /><br />7.Take Pictures<br />Photographs and images of all kinds have described the world around us for thousands of years. Modern underwater cameras allow us to capture moments that otherwise, no one else would ever see. This is a great way to further enrich your diving and that of those around you – divers and non-divers alike. Quite simply put, “One picture is worth a thousand words.<br />
<br />8.Dive With People You Know And With Locals When You Travel<br />Dive buddies that are familiar and have diving likes and practices that are similar to your own will make it more enjoyable.When diving in a new area, find a local guide or diver with experience who can show you the better locations and has knowledge of the animals and conditions<br />
<br />9.Take Animal ID Courses<br /> Be sure to become familiar with the wildlife above and below the surface before going someplace new. It will be more exciting to recognize an animal you are familiar with than to be surprised when you are exposed to it for the first time<br /><br />10. Proper maintenance<br />Maintenance begins with cleaning your gear thoroughly after every use. It should be soaked and dried completely so as to remove all salt and organic matter. Your gear should also be inspected before you leave for a dive, whether it’s down the road or across the globe. It may be hard to fix or replace if you find that it’s broken or has a problem when you get there.<br />Regulators and BCs should be inspected and serviced annually by a certified and authorized service center and technician.<br />
<br />tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-18025584521826707112013-07-27T22:38:00.001-07:002013-07-27T22:38:33.035-07:00Dive in WAKATOBI, TAKABONERATE AND SELAYAR , SULAWESI , INDONESIA<u>Diving Package in Wakatobi , Takabonerate and Selayar Island , Sulawesi, Indonesia</u><br />
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In Sulwesi or previously known as celebes island have world class dive spot.There were Bunaken Island (North Sulawesi) , Wakatobi Island (south east sulawesi) , Takabonerate (south east sulawesi) and Selayar Island (South east Sulawesi).<br />
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I have experienced diving in Sulawesi, Indonesia. I have close friends there. I can arrange a superb and cheap diving trip for those interested. <b>Just contact me for detail.</b><br />
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<b>WAKATOBI</b><br />
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<b>Wakatobi</b> is the name of an archipelago and regency located in an area of Sulawesi Tenggara (South Eastern), Indonesia. The name Wakatobi is derived from the names of the main islands that form the archipelago: Wangiwangi Island, Kaledupa, Tomea, and Binongko. The group is part of a larger group called the Tukangbesi Islands.<br />
The archipelago, located in the biodiverse hotspot known as Wallacea. It is part of the Wakatobi National Park.<br />
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<b>TAKABONERATE NATIONAL PARK</b><br />
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<b>Taka Bone Rate National Park</b> is a marine park which includes the Takabonerate atoll islands, located in the Flores Sea, south of Sulawesi island of Indonesia.<br />
The area, which consists of the atoll islands and surrounding marine area was granted national park protection status in 1992.<br />
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<b>SELAYAR ISLAND</b><br />
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<b>Selayar</b> or <b>Saleyer</b> (Indonesian: <i>Kabupaten Selayar</i>, Dutch: <i>Saleijer</i>), is an archipelago, part of South Sulawesi province, Indonesia. It lies in the Flores Sea, between Sulawesi and Flores, around 150km southeast of the major city of Makassar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selayar_Islands#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> <i>Kabupaten Selayar</i> is the Selayar regency, covering 903,35 km² with a population of about 120,000 (2012). There are 73 islands, the main one being Selayar Island. To the east lies <i>Pulau</i> (Island) Kalaotoa and <i>Pulau</i> Karompa Lompo in Sulawesi Tenggara, and the West <i>Kepulauan Sabalana</i> (Sabalana Islands). It is a biodiverse diving site.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selayar_Islands#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
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tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-87955535857551384132013-07-27T22:21:00.003-07:002013-07-27T22:22:22.426-07:00Special offer for Fun Dive and Open water scuba at Redang Island, Terengganu , Malaysia<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
This is a great oppurtunity for scuba diving lover, in early of this
month, we just lunched "Physalia Diving Team" at Redang Island
Terengganu, Malaysia.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">We offer full fun dive and snorkeling trip with experience dive guide with special price</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">For those plan for open water certificate, we able to give you the best price in island.</span><br />
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For more information, contact me as soon as posible. tornado194@yahoo.co.uk <br />
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<br />tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-77061151191958567752013-06-02T02:51:00.001-07:002013-06-02T02:51:53.313-07:007 Diving Tips for Saving Air<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">7 Diving Tips for Saving Air</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Diving Tips: Saving Air<br />Do you breathe your tank
down faster than your buddy? Here are 7 diving tips to help conserve
your oxygen and extend your bottom time.<br /><br /><b>1. Fix the small leaks</b></span></span></h1>
<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b> </b><br />Even
a tiny stream of bubbles from an O-ring or an inflator swivel adds up
over 40 minutes, and may be a sign of more serious trouble ahead anyway.
A mask that doesn't seal is another kind of leak in that you have to
constantly blow air into it to clear out the water. It's also a source
of stress, which needlessly elevates your breathing rate and thereby
reduces your breathing efficiency. Does your octo free-flow easily? That
can dump a lot of air quickly. Detune it or mount it carefully so the
mouthpiece points downward.<br /><br /><b>2. Dive More</b></span></span></h1>
<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b> </b><br />Inexperienced
divers are famous for burning through their air supply at a furious
rate, so one of the best diving tips for saving air is to simply dive
more often. You may not be a new diver, but unless you dive almost every
week it's still an unnatural activity. By diving more, your body will
get used to the idea, and you'll breathe less.<br /><br /><b>3. Swim Slowly</b></span></span></h1>
<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b> </b><br />The energy cost of speed is even more than you might think: Swim half as fast as you do now, and you'll use less air.<br /><br /><b>4. Stay Shallow</b></span></span></h1>
<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b> </b><br />Because
your regulator has to deliver air at the same pressure as the water, a
lungful at 33 feet (two atmospheres) takes twice as much out of your
tank as does the same breath at the surface. At 99 feet (four
atmospheres) it takes twice as much as at 33 feet. There's absolutely
nothing you can do about that except to avoid being deeper than you have
to be. If you're making a transit over an uninteresting sand flat to
get to the edge of the drop-off, do it at 15 feet instead of at 40 feet,
and you'll save air.<br /><br /><b>5. Minimize the Lead</b></span></span></h1>
<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b> </b><br />If
you're overweighted, you have to put more air into your BC to float it
and be neutral. The inflated BC is larger and requires more energy and
oxygen to push it through the water. An extra eight pounds of lead means
your BC is one gallon bigger when inflated enough to make you neutral. </span></span></h1>
<h1 class="main-title">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">6.</span></span><b><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"> <b>Think Slippery</b></span></span></b></h1>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span><span style="line-height: 20px;">Save energy and air by reducing drag.
It's no coincidence that fish, whales and seals have smooth bodies with
very few appendages. Divers, by contrast, start out with long, lanky
appendages, then load themselves down with lots of bulky gear. Masks,
BCs, tanks and the rest of it present rough, complicated shapes that
cause lots of turbulence and drag.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 20px;">Fine-tune the amount of lead you carry and where you carry it. Your goal
is neutral buoyancy with minimum BC inflation and a perfectly
horizontal position.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 20px;">If you are negative, for example, you will have to fin yourself upward a
little, as well as forward, to maintain a constant depth. You'll look
like a "tail-dragger" airplane taxiing on the runway: Your feet and legs
will be lower than your shoulders, enlarging the "hole" in the water
and causing drag. If you are positively buoyant, you'll have to fin
downward, with the same result. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="main-title">
<br />Carrying the minimum amount of weight is important because if you are
heavy (the usual case), you'll have to inflate your BC to compensate for
the extra lead. The inflated BC is physically bigger and enlarges the
"hole" you make in the water. </div>
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<div class="main-title">
<strong>7. Act Sleepy</strong></div>
<div class="main-title">
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<div class="main-title">
Deep breaths, on the other hand, dilute the dead air with fresh air and
deliver more oxygen to the lungs. That not only promotes quicker gas
exchange, it also delays the urge to take another breath. A tank lasts
longer when you take deeper breaths because you need fewer of them. <br /> <br />
Breathe slowly too. That increases your uptake of oxygen and your
discharge of carbon dioxide simply because each breath stays in your
lungs longer. It gives more time for gas molecules to pass between the
air sacs in your lungs and your bloodstream.</div>
tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-1260415225103483722012-11-15T08:23:00.004-08:002012-11-15T08:23:54.520-08:0010 New Rules of Scuba Diving<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
1. Reverse Dive Profiles Are OK</h3>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br /> It is permissible to dive
deeper on your second dive than on your first, and to dive deeper on the
later part of a dive than on the early part.<br />
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<strong>Old Rule</strong> <br /> Until this year, all divers have been
taught to go to their greatest planned depth early in the dive and then
gradually work upward in a regular "stair-step" pattern. Similarly,
they've been told to make the deepest dive of the day the first one. The
rationale was that the shallower depths later provided decompression
for the preceding greater depths.<br />
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<strong>Reason for the Change</strong> <br />
<br /> Dive computers. Because
computers can track your depth and time constantly and are pretty good
at math, it's possible to know your nitrogen exposure accurately
regardless of your profile. Tables, by contrast, can account for only
your greatest depth, and this crude approximation of nitrogen exposure
still mandates a conservative approach.<br />
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<strong>Exceptions to the Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> Obviously, divers using
only tables must still follow the old rules. And even when using a
computer it's still smart to dive deeper first. Ascending profiles give
you more bottom time and a greater margin of safety against DCS.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
2. Lower Minimum Age</h3>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> The Recreational Scuba
Training Council, which sets many industry standards, dropped its
minimum age requirement for junior certification near the end of 1999.
As a result, PADI, SDI, SSI and NASDS (which has merged with SSI) have
dropped their minimum age requirements for junior certification to 10.
SSI has a pool-only "Scuba Ranger" program for 8- to 12-year-olds. NAUI
and YMCA are retaining the age-12 minimum, at least for now.<br />
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<strong>Old Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> Minimum age for junior certification was 12. (Junior certification requires supervision by a fully certified adult.)<br />
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<strong>Reason for the Change</strong> <br />
<br /> To promote the sport.
Lots of baby-boomer divers have kids, and the growing popularity of
resort diving meant a market for family dive vacations. "The future of
diving will be determined by kids," says Bret Gilliam, president of SDI,
the first agency to lower the age. "It's a great step forward to
recognize the family unit as key to our sport's growth."<br />
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<strong>Exceptions to the Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> It's still up to the
instructor to decide whether a child is mature enough to dive. Being 10
does not create a right to be certified. <br />
The new junior certifications typically have various restrictions.
In PADI, kids are limited to 20 feet in confined water first, then 40
feet in open water. Juniors must be accompanied by an agency-affiliated
instructor, a certified parent or another certified adult. Check
specific agencies for their rules.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
3. Universal Referrals</h3>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br /> Getting certified? Beginning
in 1998, you could take classroom and pool sessions in your hometown
from an instructor with Agency "A," then fly to warm water for
open-water sessions under an instructor with Agency "B"—as long as the
agencies had agreements to recognize each other's standards and
instructors. This means you can choose from many more warm-water resorts
for your open-water sessions.<br />
<br />
<strong>Old Rule</strong> <br /> Classroom, pool work and open-water
dives all had to be with the same training agency. If you wanted to do
the open-water dives in the tropics, you had to pick a resort with an
instructor affiliated with the same agency.<br />
<br />
<strong>Reason for the Change</strong> <br /> Customer convenience.
Smaller agencies with few instructors in place at resorts found it
necessary to band together to offer greater options—especially when
certification standards are virtually identical.<br />
<br />
<strong>Exceptions to the Rule</strong> <br /> PADI. According to
PADI, it issues 70 percent of all certifications. The agency still
requires that all phases of your training be with PADI instructors.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
4. Slower Ascent Rate</h3>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> Ascend no faster than 30 feet per minute—one foot every two seconds.<br />
<br />
<strong>Old Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> The usual rate was 60 feet per
minute until the U.S. Navy adopted the 30-foot-per-minute rate in 1996
and training agencies followed suit. <br />
<strong>Reason for the Change</strong> <br />
<br /> Research. Navy studies
found that a 30-foot-per-minute rate resulted in fewer cases of DCS than
the older 60-foot-per-minute rate. A slow ascent is really a rolling
decompression stop, allowing your body to flush out and exhale dissolved
nitrogen before it forms bubbles.<br />
<br />
<strong>Exceptions to the Rule</strong> <br /> The 30-foot-per-minute
rate may not always be practical for the whole ascent, especially when
you are deep and low on air or approaching hypothermia. In that case a
faster rate, up to 60 feet per minute, is acceptable, but for the final
60 feet of your ascent, you should slow to 30 feet per minute.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
5. The Safety Stop</h3>
<table align="right" border="0" class="image_right" style="width: 200px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img alt="" src="http://www.scubadiving.com/files/old/images/ss/200007TI_03_rules.jpg" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="image_caption">New rule - Make a safety stop at 15 feet for
at least three to five minutes before ascending to the surface?longer
for deeper and more strenuous dives. Safety stops allow your body extra
time to eliminate nitrogen. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> Make a safety stop at the end
of dives. That means you should pause at about 15 feet for a minimum of
three to five minutes before your final ascent to the surface. Some
experts recommend safety stops as long as 10 to 15 minutes under certain
conditions.<br />
<br />
<strong>Old Rule </strong> <br /> Make a what? Safety stops were not taught prior to the mid-1980s.<br />
<br />
<strong>Reason for the Change</strong><br /> More research. The new
rule recognizes that all dives are decompression dives, and that DCS can
and does occur even when you've stayed within so-called
"no-decompression limits." Studies clearly show that pausing at about 15
feet allows you to offgas nitrogen before ascending through the zone of
greatest pressure change, near the surface. Nitrogen that hasn't been
eliminated can bubble out of tissues rapidly during the last part of the
ascent, causing DCS. <br />
There are other safety reasons for the stop. The air in your BC and
the bubbles in your wetsuit also expand rapidly during the last 15 feet
and may cause you to become significantly positive without realizing it.
Stopping gives you a chance to adjust your buoyancy so you don't lose
control of your ascent. <br />
Safety stops also allow you to survey surface conditions and boat traffic before surfacing.<br />
<br />
<strong>Exceptions to the Rule</strong> <br /> You needn't stay at
exactly 15 feet, especially if you're elbowing a crowd of other divers.
Anywhere between 10 and 20 feet is fine. And although three to five
minutes is a good minimum, longer, deeper dives call for longer safety
stops.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
6. Neutrally Buoyant Ascents</h3>
<table align="right" border="0" class="image_right" style="width: 200px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img alt="" src="http://www.scubadiving.com/files/old/images/ss/200007TI_04_rules.jpg" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="image_caption">New rule - Remain neutrally buoyant during
ascents. Neutral buoyancy eliminates the risk of run-away ascents and
the strain of finning against negative buoyancy. </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br /> Become neutrally buoyant before beginning your ascent and maintain neutral buoyancy throughout.<br />
<br />
<strong>Old Rule</strong> <br /> Dump all air so you are negative before beginning your ascent and fin upward against negative buoyancy.<br />
<br />
<strong>Reason for the Change</strong> <br /> The old rule was
designed to prevent runaway ascents. But Navy studies revealed that the
strain of finning hard while ascending sometimes causes divers to hold
their breath. Also, it can lead to air trapping in the lungs. Both
present embolism risks. The change also reflects greater confidence in
modern BCs, particularly their dump valves.<br />
<br />
<strong>Exceptions to the Rule</strong> <br /> In an ascent from very
shallow depths, say 30 feet or less, it's OK to fin up against slight
negative buoyancy. The risk of losing control because of rapid buoyancy
changes in your BC and exposure suit, and the low stress in finning such
a short distance, makes this the better bet.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
7. No More Buddy Breathing</h3>
<strong>New Rule</strong> <br />
<br /> In a no-air emergency, depend
on a redundant system or your buddy's octopus, or make an independent
emergency ascent. Do not attempt to "buddy breathe" from a single
regulator unless you and your buddy have practiced it.<br />
<br />
<strong>Old Rule </strong> <br /> Before octos, ponies and devices
like the "Spare Air" were common, divers were taught to pass one
regulator back and forth while making a slow ascent.<br />
<br />
<strong>Reason for the Change </strong> <br /> Safety. Experience
showed that unless both buddies had practiced buddy breathing and were
skilled at it, the attempt was likely to injure both divers, not just
one. <br />
Typically, buddy breathing divers become so absorbed in passing the
regulator that they neglect to control their buoyancy, and a too-rapid
ascent with embolism could result. Or the diver who has passed the
regulator holds his breath instead of exhaling slowly, also an embolism
risk. <br />
If you are out of air and neither you nor your buddy has a backup
system, your best move is to make an emergency swimming ascent: swimming
to the surface while keeping your throat open by slowly exhaling.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
8. The Buddy System</h3>
Every training agency is emphatic on the need to always dive
with a buddy. Yet solo diving has long been common, particularly among
underwater photographers. Experience, and incomplete statistics, don't
indicate that solo diving is more dangerous than buddy diving, and some
divers argue that solo diving is actually safer.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
9. The Snorkel</h3>
Most of us were taught that a snorkel is mandatory gear on
every dive, just like a pair of fins. But increasingly, divers are
leaving the snorkel in the gear bag much of the time. <br />
Why? They've come to the conclusion that a snorkel, when attached to
your mask, is more often a hazard than a help. The long tube—dangling
from its midpoint so the hook-like gizmos at the ends can wander
around—is pretty effective at catching kelp, fishing line and camera
straps. And, given the importance of your mask, your mask strap is about
the worst place to mount it or anything else. <br />
Many divers now save the snorkel for special occasions, like a long
surface swim from their entry point to the dive site, and carry it in a
pocket or strapped to their body.<br />
<br />
<h3 class="article_subhead">
10. The Dive Computer</h3>
The dive computer is probably the most important safety
advance in the sport. Much more important than a snorkel, and arguably
more important than an octopus, a dive computer may well be considered
mandatory equipment before long. SDI already incorporates dive computers
into student training from the outset. "Virtually all divers now use
dive computers to make diving safer and more enjoyable. Why not
establish that practice from the beginning?" says CEO Bret Gilliam.
"Dive tables have simply been supplanted by advances in technology."<br />
<br />
more on <a href="http://www.scubadiving.com/training/basic-skills/10-new-rules-scuba-diving?cmpid=obinsite">http://www.scubadiving.com/training/basic-skills/10-new-rules-scuba-diving?cmpid=obinsite </a>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-26731319392934279702012-11-15T08:16:00.002-08:002012-11-15T08:16:20.112-08:00Death in the Shallows<br />
Lesson ;<br />
<br />
Jolie kept hoping things would get better. She had been certified a year
earlier, but had been in the water only once since then. Her first dive
of the day had been shaky, but she got through it. She just couldn’t
get the hang of her buoyancy, and felt like she was either banging off
the bottom or floating to the surface. During the surface interval, her
buddy told her she just needed practice and it would get better. She
kept reminding herself to relax and breathe slowly and easily.<br />
<br />
During second dive, She was uncomfortable on the surface, trying to remember everything
her buddy had told her and the lessons she had learned in class a year
before. As soon as the water closed over her head, she began breathing
quickly. Her buddy said later that it looked like a constant stream of
air bubbles coming out of her regulator. She descended quickly and hit
the rocky bottom on her knees. A group of students had just cleared the
area and silt had been stirred up, reducing visibility to less than
normal. Jolie stayed on her knees for a moment. She took the regulator
out of her mouth and began scrambling for the disconnected inflator so
she could add air into her BCD. She never found it. Her panic escalated.
The only thought that reached her mind was that she needed to be on the
-surface. Air.<br />
<br />
Jolie’s buddy grabbed her -alternate air-source regulator and tried
to give it to her. When she refused it, he tried to give her his own,
but she refused it as well. Without warning, she bolted for the surface.
Resuscitation efforts on the beach and at a nearby hospital were
unsuccessful.<br />
<br />
<strong>ANALYSIS</strong><br />
<br />
This is a classic case of panic leading to a dive fatality. Jolie
wasn’t thinking clearly in the water. She took out her regulator before
she found her inflator hose. Just those few seconds without an air
supply were enough to tip her over the edge. <br />
<br />
There is very little you can do for someone in a panic state, aside
from removing them from the situation and allowing them time to calm
down. This is extremely difficult and dangerous underwater. But while
the panic ultimately killed Jolie, the triggers on the dive caused the
panic in the first place.<br />
Jolie had latent problems with claustrophobia. Struggling with her
buoyancy got her agitated to the point that she wasn’t thinking clearly.
A root cause of this issue was the disconnected low-pressure inflator.
She entered the water on the second dive with the same problems, now
even more agitated.<br />
<br />
An ascent from 10 feet was more than enough of a pressure change to
cause a lung overexpansion injury and cause an arterial gas embolism, or
AGE. This causes strokelike symptoms as a large air bubble is
introduced to the brain, cutting off blood supply. It can also cause
death rapidly. This is the reason scuba divers are trained to never hold
their breath.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Lessons for Life</span><br />
<br />
1 <strong>Don’t make dives you aren’t comfortable making.</strong> Don’t allow peer pressure to goad you into a dive you aren’t ready for.<br />
<br />
2 <strong>If you feel panicked or have trouble catching your breath underwater</strong>,
stop on the bottom or hold onto something stable and attempt to relax.
Wait for your breathing to settle before you attempt to swim on. If that
fails, abort the dive.<br />
<br />
3 <strong>Be properly equipped for the dives you are making.</strong> Making do with improper equipment is unsafe.<br />
<br />
4 <strong>Seek additional training and experience</strong> in a situation supervised by a dive instructor.<br />
Eric Douglas co-authored the book <em>Scuba Diving Safety</em>, and has written a series of dive-adventure novels and short stories. Check out his website, booksbyeric.com.tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-14632093407461811912012-11-15T08:07:00.003-08:002012-11-15T08:07:49.601-08:00Scuba Gear Care and Maintenance Tips<br />
<div id="ctl00_content_ContentBlock1">
<h3>
Take Good Care of Your Scuba Gear</h3>
Whether you've only seen a scuba diver in action or you’re already a
diver yourself, you know that diving is an equipment intensive activity.<br />
<img align="right" alt="Keep your scuba gear in tip top shape" border="0" height="160" src="http://www.padi.com/scuba/uploadedImages/Scuba_Diving_Guide/Keep_Scuba_Diving/Scuba_Gear_Care_and_Maintenance_Tips/Keep%20your%20scuba%20gear%20in%20tip%20top%20shape.jpg" title="Keep your scuba gear in tip top shape" width="160" />To
protect your scuba gear (and yourself given that scuba equipment is
essentially life-support equipment) it’s important to care for it
correctly. Most scuba gear comes with instructional manuals describing
manufacturer recommendations for care and maintenance, but here are some
general suggestions to help keep your scuba gear in tip top shape:<br />
<ul>
<li>One good thing about scuba gear is
that because it’s waterproof, you can wash it. In fact, all scuba gear
should be rinsed in clean, fresh water after every dive. Then, it should
be dried before storing it in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight.
</li>
<li>Remember to dry and firmly replace the regulator’s dust cap before rinsing the regulator to
avoid any water entering the first stage. Ideally, rinse the regulator
while it is still attached to the scuba tank and pressurized. That way
no water will enter at all.
</li>
<li><img align="right" alt="Have your scuba gear and equipment serviced regularly" border="0" height="160" src="http://www.padi.com/scuba/uploadedImages/Scuba_Diving_Guide/Keep_Scuba_Diving/Scuba_Gear_Care_and_Maintenance_Tips/Have%20your%20scuba%20gear%20and%20equipment%20serviced%20regularly.jpg" title="Have your scuba gear and equipment serviced regularly" width="160" />Use clips and other attachments to
keep all hoses and gauges close to your body while scuba diving. This
prevents them from dragging across sharp rocks or coral. This also keeps
them from or getting snagged or dirty.
</li>
<li>Handle scuba tanks with
care. They are heavy and you shouldn’t leave them standing up
unattended - they caln fall over and damage the valve or nearby toes.</li>
<li>You should rinse both the inside and outside of your BCD. Make sure to drain the water, then always store your BCD partially inflated.
</li>
<li>Regularly inspect your mask strap, fin straps, snorkel and
regulator mouthpieces and hoses for any sign of wear and tear.
Sunlight, stretching and teeth easily damage these items so you might
need to replace them sooner than expected.
</li>
<li>After rinsing your <a href="http://www.padi.com/" title="wetsuit">wetsuit</a>, hang it up to dry inside out on a wide hanger. <img align="right" alt="Handle your scuba gear with care" border="0" height="160" src="http://www.padi.com/scuba/uploadedImages/Scuba_Diving_Guide/Keep_Scuba_Diving/Scuba_Gear_Care_and_Maintenance_Tips/Handle%20your%20scuba%20gear%20with%20care%281%29.jpg" title="Handle your scuba gear with care" width="160" />
</li>
<li>Consider completing the PADI Equipment Specialist course to learn more about caring for your scuba gear
</li>
</ul>
<strong>Put together a spare parts kit with the most commonly broken, lost or worn out items:</strong><br />
Fin and mask straps<br />
<ul>
<li>O-rings</li>
<li>Snorkel keeper</li>
<li>Silicone grease</li>
<li>Quick release buckles</li>
<li>Pliers, screwdrivers, adjustable wrench, Allen wrench and pocket knife</li>
</ul>
</div>
tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-71816760793985534022012-09-16T08:42:00.000-07:002012-09-16T08:42:50.314-07:00SIpadan Underwater Photo<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KsNYu0659HQ/UFXw1YwkbkI/AAAAAAAAAig/K-bL7dfZ_SM/s1600/sipadanBarge.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KsNYu0659HQ/UFXw1YwkbkI/AAAAAAAAAig/K-bL7dfZ_SM/s320/sipadanBarge.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b>Sipadan</b> is the only oceanic island in Malaysia, rising 600 metres (2,000 ft) from the seabed. It is located in the Celebes Sea off the east coast of Sabah, East Malaysia (which is on the island of Borneo). It was formed by living corals growing on top of an extinct volcanic cone that took thousands of years to develop. Sipadan is located at the heart of the Indo-Pacific basin,
the centre of one of the richest marine habitats in the world. More
than 3,000 species of fish and hundreds of coral species have been
classified in this ecosystem. Sipadan has been rated by many dive
journals as one of the top destinations for diving in the world.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sipadan#cite_note-0"><span></span><span></span></a></sup><br />
<br />
Frequently seen in the waters around Sipadan: green and hawksbill turtles<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sipadan#cite_note-1"><span></span><span></span></a></sup>(which mate and nest there), enormous schools of barracuda in tornado-like formations as well as large schools of big-eye trevally, and bumphead parrotfish. Pelagic species such as manta rays, eagle rays, scalloped hammerhead sharks and whale sharks also visit Sipadan.<br />
A turtle tomb lies underneath the column of the island, formed by an underwater limestone cave
with a labyrinth of tunnels and chambers that contain many skeletal
remains of turtles that become lost and drown before finding the
surface<br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"></sup><br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sipadan#cite_note-2"><span><br /></span><span></span></a></sup>
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><span><span style="font-size: small;">I'm just came back from sipadan last week. Below my underwater photo from Sipadan that been capture with Canon G 12 + single strobe YS01.This is my first time i using the strobe. So I stiil learning how to use the strobe correctly and to avoid back scatter.Enjoy it</span></span></sup><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bDO89gWJZC8/UFXyNxadDGI/AAAAAAAAAio/sh0Oy-Lw_vw/s1600/IMG_1319.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="195" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bDO89gWJZC8/UFXyNxadDGI/AAAAAAAAAio/sh0Oy-Lw_vw/s320/IMG_1319.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hard coral </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-96kIVq1U10Y/UFXyQnC8_NI/AAAAAAAAAiw/XGaljtdYxac/s1600/IMG_1360.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-96kIVq1U10Y/UFXyQnC8_NI/AAAAAAAAAiw/XGaljtdYxac/s320/IMG_1360.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A school of fish hunting for food</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mYvrIB8hNCU/UFXyU0vCBwI/AAAAAAAAAi4/ZRc6Fa_DMVw/s1600/IMG_1562.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mYvrIB8hNCU/UFXyU0vCBwI/AAAAAAAAAi4/ZRc6Fa_DMVw/s320/IMG_1562.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Coral Fan at edge of wall at Sipadan Island</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Zzc99sdvSAs/UFXyZTb1yLI/AAAAAAAAAjA/l4K5_xdQDXo/s1600/IMG_1606.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Zzc99sdvSAs/UFXyZTb1yLI/AAAAAAAAAjA/l4K5_xdQDXo/s320/IMG_1606.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jack fish </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NGzq_nepUio/UFXyeMsMJwI/AAAAAAAAAjI/8GySoOQRPkE/s1600/IMG_1612a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NGzq_nepUio/UFXyeMsMJwI/AAAAAAAAAjI/8GySoOQRPkE/s320/IMG_1612a.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jack fish at Baracudda Point,SIpadan</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-od8mpp7uZP0/UFXyiJp7l2I/AAAAAAAAAjQ/-anzFtPj60s/s1600/IMG_1617.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="220" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-od8mpp7uZP0/UFXyiJp7l2I/AAAAAAAAAjQ/-anzFtPj60s/s320/IMG_1617.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Baracudda</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hVVsoED9iYU/UFXym1SLBNI/AAAAAAAAAjY/JS4GH5RddE8/s1600/IMG_1635.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hVVsoED9iYU/UFXym1SLBNI/AAAAAAAAAjY/JS4GH5RddE8/s320/IMG_1635.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Turtle </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZN4LxQU6e2w/UFXysZQ9EwI/AAAAAAAAAjg/WmHYGjVxvSE/s1600/IMG_1639.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZN4LxQU6e2w/UFXysZQ9EwI/AAAAAAAAAjg/WmHYGjVxvSE/s320/IMG_1639.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rest</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NMfZG7Zg_MQ/UFXyvxC2xjI/AAAAAAAAAjo/fTrLVMQWjK0/s1600/IMG_1674.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="206" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NMfZG7Zg_MQ/UFXyvxC2xjI/AAAAAAAAAjo/fTrLVMQWjK0/s320/IMG_1674.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Soft Coral</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nep0cjClFbM/UFXyz7Pj9VI/AAAAAAAAAjw/oqWFK2P3-6g/s1600/IMG_1706.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="220" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nep0cjClFbM/UFXyz7Pj9VI/AAAAAAAAAjw/oqWFK2P3-6g/s320/IMG_1706.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nudi</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oPcmFVzl-Rw/UFXy3tOnsAI/AAAAAAAAAj4/G9G-PG642Ds/s1600/IMG_1750a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oPcmFVzl-Rw/UFXy3tOnsAI/AAAAAAAAAj4/G9G-PG642Ds/s320/IMG_1750a.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Giant Lobster..ready for cook</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><span></span></sup><br />
tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-16824918730722506332012-08-17T02:55:00.000-07:002012-08-17T02:55:19.237-07:00Underwater Photo Retouching<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Underwater Photo Retouching with Photoshop</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(underwater, photoshop, underwater tutorial,color,underwater color spectrum, retouching,photography)</span> </span><br />
<br />
One of the most common underwater photography difficulties is trying to
capture a photo without extreme color and contrast loss. In this
Photoshop Tutorial, you'll learn how to analyze and restore the color
and contrast of underwater photos.<br />
<br />
Introduction :<br />
<br />
With increasing depth underwater, sunlight is absorbed, and the amount of visible light diminishes. Because absorption is greater for long wavelengths (red end of the visible spectrum) than for short wavelengths (blue end of the visible spectrum), the colour spectrum
is rapidly altered with increasing depth. White objects at the surface
appear bluish underwater, and red objects appear dark, even black.
Although light penetration will be less if water is turbid,
in the very clear water of the open ocean less than 25% of the surface
light reaches a depth of 10 m (33 feet). At 100 m (330 ft) the light
present from the sun is normally about 0.5% of that at the surface. <br />
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SYykv0N4hxc/UC4UU5oo4fI/AAAAAAAAAho/iRgA4QMiris/s1600/colors_underwater.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SYykv0N4hxc/UC4UU5oo4fI/AAAAAAAAAho/iRgA4QMiris/s1600/colors_underwater.png" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0_A0_fubcCE/UC4UXKpLkJI/AAAAAAAAAhw/r4Afc6k8TRE/s1600/coke.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0_A0_fubcCE/UC4UXKpLkJI/AAAAAAAAAhw/r4Afc6k8TRE/s1600/coke.png" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YGYwQ51aDjM/UC4UgblkUVI/AAAAAAAAAh4/yNfHDwatg2o/s1600/sunkist.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YGYwQ51aDjM/UC4UgblkUVI/AAAAAAAAAh4/yNfHDwatg2o/s1600/sunkist.png" /></a></div>
To illustrate, I’ve recreated how some common items would look at different depths.Notice how the red is removed from the orange, leaving a little color while the blue text is unaffected.<br />
more info on :<br />
<a href="http://www.thedivingblog.com/colors-underwater/"><b>http://www.thedivingblog.com/colors-underwater/</b> </a><br />
<br />tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-39260163015698289562012-07-28T10:48:00.002-07:002012-07-28T10:48:10.171-07:00The guide/instructor/buddy will take care of me.<h4>
<span style="font-size: large;">The guide/instructor/buddy will take care of me.</span></h4>
<h5>
<span style="font-size: small;">It’s amazing to many of us how easily supposed
well-trained divers can turn into “sea sheep,” simply following the herd
without asking simple questions like, “where are we going, and how long
will we stay?” All too often, divers regard dive guides as unerring,
and will simply follow along. And while most of the time professional
dive guides will be sufficiently conservative as to avoid decompression
obligations, there are exceptions. According to the latest DAN data, 7
percent of the 348 divers injured in 2002 were relying on someone else
rather than the tables or their own dive computer. What were they
thinking? The take-home lesson for our students is that each of us is
responsible for our own safety, and that means doing our own planning.</span></h5>
<h5>
<span style="font-size: small;">Other diving myths revolve around physiology and the
physics of diving. Here again, we find some common myths and
misconceptions that should be cleared up.</span></h5>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5689846212095435190.post-65974145994168542172012-07-22T08:25:00.003-07:002012-07-22T08:25:34.902-07:00Optical Ocean I-DAS Flat Tray & Sea & Sea Double YS-01 Strobe Package<h1 class="mainbox-title">
Optical Ocean I-DAS Flat Tray & Sea & Sea Double YS-01 Strobe Package</h1>
<h1 class="mainbox-title">
</h1>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tvn71h81ONg/UAwbBfU00EI/AAAAAAAAAhc/FSEJZCHr18g/s1600/Dble-TRL-YS01-pkg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tvn71h81ONg/UAwbBfU00EI/AAAAAAAAAhc/FSEJZCHr18g/s1600/Dble-TRL-YS01-pkg.jpg" /></a></div>
<h1 class="mainbox-title">
<span class="cm-reload-1034" id="old_price_update_1034"><span class="list-price nowrap" id="line_list_price_1034">List price: <strike><span class="list-price nowrap">$</span><span class="list-price nowrap" id="sec_list_price_1034">1,325.00</span></strike></span>
</span>
</h1>
<div class="actual-price">
<span class="cm-reload-1034 price-update" id="price_update_1034">
<span class="price" id="line_discounted_price_1034"><span class="price-num">$</span><span class="price-num" id="sec_discounted_price_1034">1,197.81</span></span>
</span>
</div>
<span class="cm-reload-1034" id="line_discount_update_1034">
<span class="list-price save-price nowrap" id="line_discount_value_1034">You save: <span class="list-price nowrap">$</span><span class="list-price nowrap" id="sec_discount_value_1034">127.19</span> (<span class="list-price nowrap" id="prc_discount_value_1034">10</span>%)</span>
</span>
<div class="float-left">
<div class="discount-label cm-reload-1034" id="discount_label_update_1034">
<div id="line_prc_discount_value_1034">
<em><strong>-</strong><span id="prc_discount_value_label_1034">10</span>%</em></div>
<div id="line_prc_discount_value_1034">
<em> </em></div>
<div id="line_prc_discount_value_1034">
<em><a href="http://opticaloceansales.com/underwater-camera-housing-packages/lighting-packages/optical-ocean-i-das-flat-tray-and-sea-and-sea-double-ys-01-strobe-package.html">Buy it now</a> </em></div>
<div id="line_prc_discount_value_1034">
<em> </em></div>
<div id="line_prc_discount_value_1034">
<em> </em><div class="wysiwyg-content" id="content_description" style="display: block;">
The Optical Ocean I-DAS Flat Tray and Double Sea &
Sea YS-01 Lighting Package is the answer for photographers who want a
durable and adjustable tray set with moderate lighting power.<br />
I-DAS TRL Flat Tray Double Arm includes handles and arms for 2
strobes. Compact and sturdy, made from black anodized aluminum. Handles
adjust in width for large or small hands, housings, gloves, etc. Will
accommodate most point and shoot housings from major manufacturers such
as 10Bar, Canon, Olympus, Fuji, Panasonic, Fantasea and many others. It
will fit moderately large mirrorless housings as well. The TRL Flat Tray
is the only tray we recommend for Ikelite UltraCompact and 10Bar
housings, please select extra mounting hardware option.<br />
The Sea & Sea YS-01 strobe packs a lot of features in a small
size. It has a guide number of 20 with a beam angle of 100x100 degrees.
It has 10 steps of manual power, D-TTL Auto operation and a target
light. It will sync with most point and shoot cameras via the included
sync cords.<br />
Optical Ocean Sales/Sea & Sea parts. See individual items for more details.<br />
<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>[Guide Number (ISO 100/m) (land)] : 32, 24 (with Diffuser 100 attached), 20 (with Diffuser 120 attached)</li>
<li>[Beam Angle] : 80°x80° (without diffuser), 100°x100°(diffuser 100), 120° x 120° (diffuser 120)</li>
<li>[Batteries] : 4xAA A: 6V Ni-MH: 4.8V</li>
<li>[Number of Flashes*1] : A: 150 Ni-MH: 250</li>
<li>[Recycle time (full)*2] : A: 2.8 sec. Ni-MH: 1.9 sec.</li>
<li>[Color temperature] : 5600K</li>
<li>[Color temperature w/diffuser] : 5250K</li>
<li>[Depth rating] : 100m / 330ft</li>
<li>[Dimensions (WxHxD)] (Excluding protruding part(s) and the arm holder.): 87x135x111mm / 3.5 x 5.4 x 4.4 inches</li>
<li>[Weight] : 650g / 22.8oz (w/o batteries)</li>
<li>[Underwater weight] : 5g / 0.4oz(w/ batteries)</li>
<li>[Others]</li>
<li>Exposure control: DS-TTL II, Slave TTL, Light level control dial
(GN): 1 / 1.4 / 2 / 2.8 /4 / 5.6 /8 / 11 / 16 / 22 / 32 (11 steps)</li>
<li>Pre-flash control: Equipped with pre-flash cancel mode</li>
<li>DS-TTL II function</li>
<li>Slave function</li>
<li>Auto power OFF function</li>
<li>Sync cord: 5-pin Sync cord/N, Fiber-Optic Cable (L-type)</li>
<li>Over-pressure relief valve</li>
<li>LED target light<br /> <br /> *1 Number of flashes and recycle time depends on the battery brand, temperature and frequency of use.<br /> *2 Number of flashes and recycle time of Ni-MH batteries were tested on 2400 mAh batteries.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>tornado194http://www.blogger.com/profile/09850309346148345625noreply@blogger.com0